Spatial Distribution Pattern of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Different Rosa Cultivars in Greenhouse Tehran
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Fatemeh Bidarnamani
1
(Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran)
Elham Sanatgar
2
(Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Arak .Iran.)
Mehdi Shabanipoor
3
(Ph.D. Student in Agricultural Entomology Arak, Arak Iran)
کلید واژه: Density, spatial distribution, Tetranychus urticae, Rosa,
چکیده مقاله :
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae),is an economically important pest of ornamental plant in Iran. Thepopulation abundance and spatial distribution were studied on five Rosa cultivarsincluding Maroussia, Wendela, Elderado, Wenedetta, and Hot Lady during twogrowing seasons of 2011 and 2012 in greenhouse. The k parameter, index of dispersion,Lloyd’s mean crowding, Morisita’s index and regression methods(Taylor and Iwao) were used to estimate the spatial distribution pattern ofmite. There was improved sampling program by k parameter and coefficientsof regression models. The result indicated that the highest population densityof T. urticae was early of July (2.47 per leaf) and early of September (4.11 perleaf). Also, a sequential sampling plan was developed using the fixed-precisionmethod of Green for estimating the density of the mite. Populations on differentRosa cultivars, especially Maroussia, were aggregated during most of thegrowing season and negative binomial models fit data sets better than thePoisson series. The mean number of two-spotted spider mite per plant had significantlydifference between all plant strata. The fitness percentage of cultivarMaroussia Rosa revealed a slight tendency towards the Poisson distribution, sothat 58 and 14.1 percent of data sets from T. urticae on cultivar Wenedettapopulations fit the Poisson distribution. These results fully support findings ofdistribution indices, indicating an aggregated distribution. Determining samplingprogram and spatial distribution pattern of the pest can effectively help to designand perform of IPM.
یکی Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae( کنه دو نقطه ایاز آفات مهم اقتصادی گیاهان زینتی در ایران می باشد. فراوانی جمعیت و توزیعHot و Maroussia، Wendela، Elderado، Wenedetta فضایی پنج رقم رز شاملدر طول دو فصل رشد در سال های 1390 و 1391 در گلخانه رز پاکدشت تهران Ladyشاخص پراکندگی، میانگین تراکم لیود، شاخص موریسیتا و ،k مطالعه شد. پارامتربرای تخمین الگوی توزیع فضایی بکار برده شد. )Iwao و Taylor( روش های رگرسیونو ضرایب مدل های رگرسیون وجود k برنامه های اصلاحی نمونه برداری توسط پارامتر2 در / اوایل تیر ) 47 T. urticae داشت. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تراکم جمعیتی4 در هر برگ( بودند. هم چنین یک برنامه نمونه برداری / هر برگ( و اوایل شهریور ) 11دنباله ای بصورت گسترده با استفاده از مدل گرین برای تخمین تراکم کنه استفادهدر اکثر فصل رشد بصورت ،Maroussia شد. جمعیت روی ارقام مختلف رز به ویژهتجمعی بود و مدل های دو جمله ای منفی مجموعه داده ها را بهتر از مدل پویسونتطبیق دادند. میانگین تعداد کنه دو نقطه ای در هر گیاه بین قسمت های مختلف آننشان داد گرایش کمی Maroussia اختلاف معنی داری داشت. درصد تطبیق رقم رز14 درصد از مجموعه داده های / به سمت مدل پویسون هم دارد. هم چنین 58 و 1تطبیق بیشتری با توزیع پویسون داشت. این Wenedetta بر روی رقم T. urticaeنتایج بطور کامل یافته های شاخص پراکنش را تأیید می کند و نشان دهنده توزیعتجمعی است. تعیین برنامه نمونه برداری و الگوی توزیع فضایی آفت بر روی طراحیو اجرای مدیریت تلفیقی آفت می تواند اثرگذار باشد.
Ahmadi, M., Fathipur, Y. and Kamali. K. 2005. Population density and spatial distribution of Tetranychus
urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on different bean cultivars in Tehran region. Iranian
Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 36: 1087-1092.
Demirozer, O. 2012. First record of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae), on the oil-bearing rose, Rosa damascenaMiller, in Turkey. Hellenic Plant Protection
Journal 5: 27-29.
Feng, M.G., Nowierski, R.M., Zeng, Z. and Scharen, A.L. 1993. Estimation of population density
of the Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) from the proportion of grain tillers
with the different tally threshold of aphids. Journal of Economic Entomology. 86: 427-435.
Grbic, M., Van Leeuwen, T., Clark, R.M., Rombauts, S., Rouze, P., Grbic, V., Osborne, E.J., Dermauw,
W. and Ngoc, P.C. 2011. The genome of Tetranychus urticae reveals herbivorous pest adaptations.
Bulletin of the Entolomological Society of Egypt. LVIII: 249-259.
Greco, N. M., Liljesthrom, G. G. and Sanchez, N. E. 1999. Spatial distribution and coincidence of
Neoseiulus californicus and Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae) on
strawberry. Journal of Experimental and Applied Acarology, 23: 567-580.
Green, R. H. 1970. On fixed precision level sequential sampling. Research in Population Ecology,
12:249-251.
Greig-Smith, P. 1952. The use of random and contiguous quadrates in the study of the structure of
plant communities. Annals of Botany, 16: 293–316.
Hassell, M.P. and May, R.M. 1974. Aggregation of predators and insect parasites and its effect on
stability. Journal of Animal Ecology, 43: 567–94.
Hillhouse, T.L. and Pitre, H.N. 1974. Comparison of miner Liriomyza sativae Blanchard in Khuzestan
sampling techniques to obtain measurements of insect populations on soybeans province.
Journal of Economic Entomology, pp: 251. 67: 411-414.
Iwao, S. and Kuno, E. 1968. Use of the regression of mean crowding on mean density for estimating
sample size and the transformation of data for the analysis of variance. Research in Population
Ecology, 10: 210.
Kogan, M. and Herzog, D. C. 1980. Sampling methods in soybean entomology. Springer Verlag,
New York, 587 PP.
Kuno, E. 1991 Sampling and analysis of insect populations. Annual Review of Entomology, 36: 285-304.
Mehrkhou, F., Fathipour, Y., Talebi, A. A., Kamali, K. and Naseri, B. 2008. Population density and
spatial distribution patterns of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its predator
Stethorus gilvifrons (Col.: Coccinellidae) on different crops in Tehran area. Journal of Entomology
Research Society, 10(2): 23-36.
Pakyari, .2012. Spatial distribution pattern of Tetranychus urticae and its egg predator Scolothrips
longicornis on different bean cultivars. Munis Entomology and Zoology. 7(1): 243-255.
Pedigo, L.P. 1994. Introduction to sampling arthropod populations, In: L.P. Pedigo and G.D. Buntin,
(eds) Handbook of sampling methods Entomology, 32: 201-224.
Pedigo, L. P. and Buntin, G. D. 1994. Handbook of sampling methods for arthropods in agriculture.
CRC Press, Florida, 714 PP.
Sedaratian, A., Fathipour, Y., Moharramipour, S. and Talebi, A. A. 2008. Effect of different soybean
cultivars on bionomics of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Munis Entomology
and Zoology, 3 (2): 716-730.
Slone, D. H. and Croft, B. A. 1998. Spatial aggregation of apple mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Stigmaeidae,
Tetranychidae) as measured by a binomial model: effects of life stage, reproduction, competition
and predation. Environmental Entomology, 27: 918-925.
Southwood, T.R.E. 1995. Ecological methods with particular reference to the study of insect populations.
Chapman and Hall, London. 524 PP.
Southwood, T. R. E. and Henderson, P. A. 2000. Ecological methods. 3rd edition. Blackwell Sciences,
Oxford, 592 PP.
Takahashi, H., Takafuji, A., Takabayashi, J., Yano, S. and Shimoda, T. 2001. Seasonal occurrence
of specialist and generalist insect predators of spider mites and their response to volatiles
from spider-mite-infested plants in Japanese pear orchards. Experimental and Applied Acarology,
25: 393-402.
Taylor, L.R. 1986. Synoptic dynamics, migration and the Rothamsted Insect Survey. Journal of Animal
Ecology 55: 1–38.
Yan, C. 1998. Spatial pattern and vertical distribution of vegetable leaf miner Liriomyza sativae
Blanched (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Journal of Fujian Agricultural University. Doi: CNKI:
SUN: FJND.0.1998-03-013.
Young, L.J. and Young, L.H. 1998. Statistical ecology. Kluwer Academic Pub Boston, pp: 565.
Zenjun, S. 1997. Spatial distribution pattern and sampling methods on Liriomyza sativae. Guizhou.
Agricultural Science. DOI: CNKI: ISSN: 1001-3601.0.1997-05-007.